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Kingdom of Wei

The Kingdom of Wei (ch. 魏, py. wèi, wg. wei) (220-265) was one of the Three Kingdoms competing for control of China after the fall of the Han Dynasty.

During the decline of the Han Dynasty, the northern part of China was under the control of Cao Cao, the Imperial Secretariat to the last Han emperor. In 213, he was titled Wei Gong (duke of Wei) and given ten cities as his domain. This area was named the "State of Wei". At that time, the southern part of China was already divided into two areas controlled by two warlords (later the Kingdom of Shu and Kingdom of Wu). In 216, Cao Cao was promoted to Wei Wang (king of Wei).

In 220, Cao Cao died and his son Cao Pi succeded to the title Wei Wang and the position as Imperial Secretarist. Later that year, Cao Pi seized the imperial throne and claimed to have founded the Wei dynasty, but Liu Bei of Shu immediately contested his claim to the throne, and Sun Quan followed suite in 222.

Wei conquered the Kingdom of Shu in 263. Shortly afterwards, in 265, the Wei dynasty was overthrown by its last Imperial Secretariat, Sima Yan, founder of the Jin Dynasty (265-420).

The capital of Wei was Luoyang.


Kingdom of Wei 220-265 AD
Posthumous Names family (in bold) name and first names Year(s) of Reigns Era Namess and their range of years
Chinese Convention: family and first names, and less commonly "Wei" + posthumous name + "di"
Emperor Wen of Wei China, ch 文, py. wén Cao Pi, ch. 曹丕, py. cáo pī 220-226 Huangchu (黃初 huang2 chu1) 220-226
Emperor Ming of Wei China, chpy. míng Cao Rui, ch. 曹叡, py. cáo rùi 226-239 Taihe (太和 tài hé) 227-233
   Qinglong (青龍 qīng lóng) 233-237
Jingchu (景初 jĭng chū) 237-239
Shao (少 py. shao4) or King of Qi of Wei China, ch. 齊王, py. qí wáng Cao Fang, ch. 曹芳, py. cáo fāng 239-254 Zhengshi (正始 zhèng shĭ) 240-249
   Jiaping (嘉平 jīa píng)  249-254
Gaoguixiang Gong of Wei China, ch. 高貴鄉公, py. gāo gùi xīang gōng Cao Mao, ch. 曹髦, py. cáo máo 254-260 Zhengyuan (正元 zhèng yúan) 254-256
   Ganlu (甘露 gān lù) 256-260
Emperor Yuan of Wei China, ch. 元, py. yúan Cao Huan, ch. 曹奐, py. cáo hùan 260-265 Jingyuan (景元 jĭng yúan) 260-264
   Xianxi (咸熙 xían xī) 264-265

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