See also: List of the 100 largest cities in Canada
| Rank in 2001 | Census Metropolitan Area or Census Agglomeration | '''Population in 2001''' | '''Population Estimate in 2004'' |
| 1 | Toronto-Mississauga, Ontario | 4,682,897 | 4,900,000 |
| 2 | Montreal-Laval, Quebec | 3,426,350 | 3,500,000 |
| 3 | Vancouver-Surrey, British Columbia | 1,986,965 | 2,100,000 |
| 4 | Ottawa-Gatineau, Ontario-Quebec | 1,063,664 | 1,200,000 |
| 5 | Calgary, Alberta | 951,395 | 1,100,000 |
| 6 | Edmonton, Alberta | 937,845 | 980,000 |
| 7 | Quebec-Levis, Quebec | 682,757 | 690,000 |
| 8 | Winnipeg, Manitoba | 671,274 | 680,000 |
| 9 | Hamilton-Burlington, Ontario | 662,401 | 680,000 |
| 10 | London, Ontario | 432,451 | 440,000 |
| 11 | Kitchener-Cambridge-Waterloo, Ontario | 414,284 | 430,000 |
| 12 | St. Catharines-Niagara Falls-Welland, Ontario | 377,009 | 380,000 |
| 13 | Halifax, Nova Scotia | 359,183 | 370,000 |
| 14 | Victoria-Saanich, British Columbia | 311,902 | 320,000 |
| 15 | Windsor, Ontario | 307,877 | 320,000 |
| 16 | Oshawa-Whitby-Clarington, Ontario | 296,298 | 310,000 |
| 17 | Saskatoon, Saskatchewan | 225,927 | 230,000 |
| 18 | Regina, Saskatchewan | 192,800 | 190,000 |
| 19 | St. John's-Mount Pearl-Conception Bay South, Newfoundland and Labrador | 172,918 | 170,000 |
| 20 | Greater Sudbury, Ontario | 155,601 | 150,000 |
| 21 | Saguenay, Quebec | 154,938 | 150,000 |
| 22 | Sherbrooke, Quebec | 153,811 | 160,000 |
| 23 | Barrie-Innisfil-Springwater, Ontario | 148,480 | 160,000 |
| 24 | Kelowna-Central Okanagan H, British Columbia | 147,739 | 150,000 |
| 25 | Abbotsford-Mission, British Columbia | 147,370 | 150,000 |
| 26 | Kingston-South Frontenac, Ontario | 146,838 | 150,000 |
| 27 | Trois-Rivieres-Cap-de-la-Medeleine-Trois-Rivieres-Ouest, Quebec | 137,507 | 130,000 |
| 28 | Saint John-Quispamsis, New Brunswick | 122,678 | 120,000 |
| 29 | Thunder Bay, Ontario | 121,986 | 120,000 |
| 30 | Moncton-Riverview-Dieppe, New Brunswick | 117,727 | 120,000 |
| 31 | Guelph, Ontario | 117,344 | 120,000 |
| 32 | Cape Breton, Nova Scotia | 109,330 | 100,000 |
| 33 | Chatham-Kent, Ontario | 107,709 | 100,000 |
| 34 | Peterborough-Smith-Ennismore-Lakefield, Ontario | 102,423 | 110,000 |
| 35 | Sarnia-St. Clair, Ontario | 88,331 | 87,000 |
| 36 | Belleville-Quinte West, Ontario | 87,395 | 87,000 |
| 37 | Kamloops, British Columbia | 86,491 | 87,000 |
| 38 | Brantford, Ontario | 86,417 | 87,000 |
| 39 | Nanaimo, British Columbia | 85,664 | 87,000 |
| 40 | Prince George, British Columbia | 85,035 | 84,000 |
| 41 | Fredericton, New Brunswick | 81,346 | 83,000 |
| 42 | Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu-Saint-Luc-Iberville, Quebec | 79,600 | 81,000 |
| 43 | Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario | 78,908 | 76,000 |
| 44 | Chilliwack, British Columbia | 69,776 | 71,000 |
| 45 | Kawartha Lakes, Ontario | 69,179 | 70,000 |
| 46 | Drummondville-Saint-Nicephore, Quebec | 68,451 | 70,000 |
| 47 | Red Deer, Alberta | 67,707 | 70,000 |
| 48 | Lethbridge, Alberta | 67,374 | 69,000 |
| 49 | North Bay, Ontario | 63,681 | 63,000 |
| 50 | Medicine Hat, Alberta | 61,735 | 64,000 |
| 51 | Norfolk, Ontario | 60,847 | 61,000 |
| 52 | Granby-Granby Canton, Quebec | 60,264 | 61,000 |
| 53 | Charlottetown-Stratford, Prince Edward Island | 58,358 | 59,000 |
| 54 | Cornwall-South Stormont, Ontario | 57,581 | 57,000 |
| 55 | Shawinigan-Shawinigan-Sud-Grand-Mer, Quebec | 57,304 | 57,000 |
| 56 | Vernon-Coldstream, British Columbia | 51,530 | 52,000 |
| 57 | Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec | 49,536 | 49,000 |
| 58 | Rimouski, Quebec | 47,688 | 47,000 |
| 59 | Courtenay-Comox-Comox-Strathcona B-Comox-Strathcona A, British Columbia | 47,051 | 48,000 |
| 60 | Leamington-Kingsville, Ontario | 46,757 | 48,000 |
| 61 | Brockville-Elizabethtown-Kitley-Augusta, Ontario | 44,741 | 44,000 |
| 62 | Truro-Colchester, Subd. B-Colchester, Subd. C, Nova Scotia | 44,276 | 45,000 |
| 63 | Timmins, Ontario | 43,686 | 41,000 |
| 64 | Wood Buffalo, Alberta | 42,602 | 46,000 |
| 65 | Penticton-Okanagan-Similkameen D, Brtish Columbia | 41,574 | 42,000 |
| 66 | Prince Albert, Saskatchewan | 41,460 | 41,000 |
| 67 | Victoriaville, Quebec | 41,233 | 42,000 |
| 68 | Brandon, Manitoba | 41,037 | 42,000 |
| 69 | Sorel-Tracy, Quebec | 40,956 | 40,000 |
| 70 | Orillia-Severn, Ontario | 40,256 | 41,000 |
| 71 | Salaberry-de-Valleyfield-Grande-Ile, Quebec | 39,028 | 39,000 |
| 72 | Duncan-North Cowichan, British Columbia | 38,813 | 39,000 |
| 73 | Grande Prairie, Alberta | 36,983 | 39,000 |
| 74 | New Glasgow-Pictou, Subd. C-Pictou,Subd. B-Stellarton-Westville, Nova Scotia | 36,735 | 36,000 |
| 75 | Rouyn-Noranda-Evain, Quebec | 36,308 | 35,000 |
| 76 | Joliette-Saint-Charles-Borromee-Notre-Dame-des-Prairies, Quebec | 35,821 | 36,000 |
| 77 | Campbell River-Comox-Strathcona D, British Columbia | 33,872 | 34,000 |
| 78 | Midland-Tay-Penitanguishene, Ontario | 33,692 | 34,000 |
| 79 | Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan | 33,519 | 33,000 |
| 80 | Woodstock, Ontario | 33,061 | 34,000 |
| 81 | Val-d'Or-Sullivan, Quebec | 32,423 | 32,000 |
| 82 | Owen Sound-Georgian Bluffs, Ontario | 31,538 | 31,000 |
| 83 | Alma-Delisle, Quebec | 30,126 | 30,000 |
| 84 | Stratford, Ontario | 29,676 | 30,000 |
| 85 | Baie-Comeau, Quebec | 28,940 | 28,000 |
| 86 | Saint-Georges-Saint-Georges-Est, Quebec | 28,127 | 29,000 |
| 87 | Cold Lake-Bonnyville No. 87-Bonnyville, Alberta | 27,935 | 28,000 |
| 88 | Sept-Iles, Quebec | 26,952 | 26,000 |
| 89 | Thetford Mines-Black Lake-Thetford-Partie-Sud, Quebec | 26,323 | 26,000 |
| 90 | Corner Brook, Newfoundland and Labrador | 25,747 | 25,000 |
| 91 | Port Alberni-Albernia-Clayoquot E, British Columbia | 25,396 | 25,000 |
| 92 | Kentville-Kings, Subd. B-Kings, Subd. C, Nova Scotia | 25,172 | 26,000 |
| 93 | Williams Lake-Cariboo F-Cariboo E-Cariboo D, British Columbia | 25,122 | 26,000 |
| 94 | Quesnel-Cariboo A-Cariboo B, British Columbia | 24,426 | 24,000 |
| 95 | Parksville-Nanaimo G-Qualicum Beach, British Columbia | 24,285 | 25,000 |
| 96 | Cranbrook-East Kootenay C, British Columbia | 24,275 | 25,000 |
| 97 | Bathurst-Bathurst Parish-Beresford, New Brunswick | 23,935 | 23,000 |
| 98 | Pembroke-Laurentian Valley, Ontario-Quebec | 23,608 | 23,000 |
| 99 | Magog-Magog Canton-Omerville, Quebec | 22,535 | 23,000 |
| 100 | Riviere-du-Loup-Saint-Antonin, Quebec | 22,339 | 22,000 |