Penkyamp (拼音; Yale: ping1 yam1, Jyutping: ping1 jam1) or Cantonese pinyin, is a romanization system for transliterating Cantonese Chinese. Series of romanization efforts of Cantonese seek to standardize the language spoken by large number of residents in Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Kuala Lumpur, Sydney, Auckland, Vancouver and San Francisco, from the status of a vernacular to that of a literary language. On the other hand, the Linguistic Society Hong Kong adopts another Cantonese Romanization called Jyutping, which is not yet popularized among Cantonese-English or English-Cantonese dictionaries. The current most widely accepted system for Cantonese Romanization are Meyer-Wemp and Yale.
The two systems are improvements from previous systems. The features of Penkyamp includes:
Drawing a parallel between Cantonese and Japanese, Penkyamp is analogous to the Kunrei system, whereas Jyutping to the Hepburn system.
The following descriptions applies to Penkyamp.
A B C D E F G H I K L M N O P (q) S T U W Y Z
Shengmus (Consonants aided by International Phonetic Alphabets. In order to see proper display of IPA, you must download a Unicode font)
Vowels:
long
Alphabet
Special AttentionYunmus
Yunmus aided by International Phonetic Symbols
short
diphthongs
Short vowels are those in short yunmus, and long vowels in long yunmus. All short vowels are pronounced with tighter, smaller
enclosure of lips than are their long counterparts.Orthography
Long yunmus followed by consonants:
Short yunmus followed by consonants:
Tones
'''6 tones represented by numerical scales of pitch, "1" being the lowest, "6" the highest"
Either the tone numbers 1-6 or the diacritic marks may be used
Zaw1 Haw2 Dim3, Ho4 Mow2 Dow6
| trad | simp | pinyin | Penkyamp | meaning |
| 北京 | 北京 | Bei3 jing1 | Bak1 genk1 | Beijing |
| 花 | 花 | Hua1 | Fa1 | flower |
| 寫 | 寫 | Xie3 | Se3 | write |
| 字 | 字 | Zi4 | Zi6 | chinese character |
| 我 | 我 | Wo3 | Ngo5 | I, me |
| 湖 | 湖 | Hu2 | Wu4 | lake |
| 靴 | 靴 | Xue1 | Heo1 | boot |
| 柱 | 柱 | Zhu4 | Ceu5 | pillar |
| 吧(?) | 啦(?) | ba4 | lah1 | one of the interjections at the end of a sentence |
| 壞 | 壞 | Huai4 | Wai6 | bad |
| 外 | 外 | Wai4 | Ngoi6 | outside |
| 背 | 背 | Bei4 | Bui3 | back |
| 教 | 教 | Jiao1 | Gau3 | teach |
| 腰 | 腰 | Yao1 | Yiu1 | waist |
| 肺 | 肺 | Fei4 | Fay3 | lung |
| 地 | 地 | Di4 | Dey6 | ground |
| 追 | 追 | Zhui1 | Zoy1 | pursue |
| 狗 | 狗 | Gou3 | Gaw2 | dog |
| 路 | 路 | Lu4 | Low6 | road |
| 鴨 | 鴨 | Ya1 | Ngab3 | duck |
| 殺 | 殺 | Sha1 | Sad3 | kill |
| 百 | 百 | Bai3 | Bag3 | hundred |
| 三 | 三 | San1 | Sam1 | three |
| 慢 | 慢 | Man4 | Man6 | slow |
| 行 | 行 | Xing2 | Hang4 | walk |
| 劇 | 劇 | Ju4 | Keg6 | drama |
| 鏡 | 鏡 | Jing4 | Geng3 | mirror |
| 頁 | 頁 | Ye4 | Yib6 | page |
| 熱 | 熱 | Re4 | Yid6 | hot |
| 劍 | 劍 | Jian4 | Gim3 | sword |
| 線 | 線 | Xian4 | Sin3 | thread |
| 渴 | 渴 | Ke3 | Hod3 | thirst |
| 國 | 國 | Guo2 | Guog3 | state,nation |
| 岸 | 岸 | An4 | Ngon6 | shore |
| 幫 | 幫 | Bang1 | Bong1 | help |
| 活 | 活 | Huo2 | Wud6 | to live |
| 換 | 換 | Huan4 | Wun6 | exchange, replace |
| 急 | 急 | Ji2 | Gap1 | hasty |
| 失 | 失 | Shi1 | Sat1 | lost
|
| 得 | 得 | De2 | Dak1 | gain |
| 心 | 心 | Xin1 | Samp1 | heart |
| 新 | 新 | Xin1 | Sant1 | new |
| 生 | 生 | Sheng1 | Sank1 | student |
| 食 | 食 | Shi2 | Sek6 | to eat |
| 精 | 精 | Jing1 | Zenk1 | essence |
| 出 | 出 | Chu1 | Cot1 | outside |
| 哭 | 哭 | Ku1 | Hok1 | to cry, weep |
| 信 | 信 | Xin4 | Sont3 | to trust |
| 中 | 中 | Zhong1 | Zonk1 | middle |
Cantonese Font:
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ÀÁAÂÃÄ, ÈÉEÊ(Ẽ)Ë, ÌÍIÎ(Ĩ)Ï, ÒÓOÔÕÖ, ÙÚUÛ(Ũ)Ü;
àáaâãä, èéeê(ẽ)ë, ìíiî(ĩ)ï, òóoôõö, ùúuû(ũ)ü;
From Common Western Font missing: E-tilde I-tilde U-tilde
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Fonts
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ũ ĩ ẽ