In the story line, they held the reigns of the known universe since the Butlerian Jihad, until the defeat of Shaddam Corrino IV by Muad'dib (Paul Atreides) and the Fremen.
House Corrino's ancestrial home is Salusa Secundus, the seat of imperial power since the Butlerian Jihad. Due to an unfortunate atomic explosion, House Corrino and the Golden Lion Throne moved to Kaitain. The offending house is unknown, erased from history.